As of February 2025, the United States is grappling with a significant outbreak of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI), commonly known as bird flu. This outbreak has profoundly impacted the poultry industry, leading to economic challenges and raising concerns about food safety among consumers.
Impact on the Poultry Industry
Since the resurgence of HPAI in 2022, over 100 million birds across the U.S. poultry sector have been affected, with egg-laying hens and turkeys bearing the brunt of the losses. In the past month alone, more than 22 million birds have been impacted, exacerbating supply shortages and driving up prices. Wholesale egg prices have soared, surpassing $8 per dozen, more than double the previous year’s figures. Major retailers, including Walmart and Kroger, have implemented purchase limits on eggs, and restaurants like Waffle House have introduced surcharges to offset rising costs.
Financial Impact
The economic toll on producers is substantial. Farmers have invested heavily in biosecurity measures to protect their flocks, yet the virus continues to spread. Greg Herbruck, CEO of one of the nation’s largest egg producers, reported significant losses, with millions of birds euthanized to contain the virus. Experts, such as Nahid Bhadelia from Boston University, express concerns that current biosecurity efforts may be insufficient against this particularly virulent strain.
Government Response and Vaccination Efforts
In response to the escalating crisis, the Trump administration has shifted its strategy to combat avian flu. Moving away from mass culling of infected flocks, the new plan emphasizes enhanced biosecurity measures and the use of medications to control the virus’s spread. This approach aims to mitigate the economic impact on the poultry industry while addressing public health concerns.
Vaccination of poultry is also under consideration. Countries like China and France have implemented vaccination programs, and the World Organization for Animal Health has encouraged nations to consider this measure. However, concerns persist that vaccination might mask infections and affect international trade. Emily Metz from the American Egg Board emphasizes the urgent need for vaccinations, stating that biosecurity alone is not sufficient to combat the flu.
Food Safety and Consumer Guidance
Despite the widespread outbreak, health officials assure consumers that properly cooked poultry products remain safe to eat. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) advises that cooking poultry and eggs to the appropriate internal temperatures effectively kills bacteria and viruses, including avian influenza viruses. There is no evidence to suggest that the virus can be transmitted to humans through the consumption of properly cooked poultry products.
Higher Prices and Quality Concern
The outbreak has led to increased egg prices and, in some cases, purchase limits at retail stores. The current avian influenza outbreak presents significant challenges to the U.S. poultry industry and consumers alike. While government agencies and producers are implementing measures to control the spread, the situation underscores the importance of robust biosecurity practices and the potential role of vaccination in preventing future outbreaks. Consumers can remain confident in the safety of properly cooked poultry products but should stay informed about developments as the situation evolves.
Be assured that Quaker Valley Foods is working with our vendors to make sure all poultry we sell is safe and as cost effective as possible.